REVELATIONS BIGGEST SURPRISE Essay Example For Students

Disclosures BIGGEST SURPRISE Essay A growing industry today is Space Tourism, that expects well have the option to book ourselves on space excursions inside the following 10-20 yearsif we can address the cost. On the off chance that youre inspired by space travel, keen on discovering Whats out there past our earth, yet you dont have the money to contribute, what about an unfathomable length of time long excursion that is offered to you free? Divine beings extreme award for the recovered is undeniably more energizing than any excursion in the confined quarters of some man-made space transport! Christ offers us a definitive space venture. Well travel with Him through the brilliant sky. Yet, first should happen the expressions of Revelation 11:15 The realms of this world have become the realms of our Lord. All through the ages, natural realms have emerged to challenge the realm of God. There has been a fight for the seat, a fight brought into sharp concentration in the Old Testament Book of Daniel. Sacred writing contains two books of end-time prescience: Daniel and Revelation. Opening Daniels images makes Revelations predictions clear. Furthermore, Jesus articulation in Matthew 24:15 guides us to comprehend Daniel the prophet . . . whoever peruses, let him comprehend. One of the most entrancing Bible parts is Daniel 2. A ruler longed for world occasions that traversed 2,500 years. Those occasions have happened with such exactness that lone the hand of God could have been included. Its a prescience that demonstrates without question that God is in charge of history. It is a prescience that has been completely satisfied . . . nearly, yet not exactly. Daniel 2:1 says: In the second year of Nebuchadnezzars rule, Nebuchadnezzar had dreams; and his soul was upset to such an extent that his rest left him. This was the lord who governed the incomparable Babylonian Empire 500 years before Christ, the ruler who constructed the sumptuous Hanging Gardensone of the Seven Wonders of the World. Nebuchadnezzar had a fantasy which appeared of extraordinary noteworthiness, yet when he stirred, he was unable to recollect what he had imagined. So he called his insightful menwho professed to see into the futureand requested that they determine what he had imagined. At the point when they conceded that they proved unable, Nebuchadnezzar sentenced them to death. Presently youthful Daniel, however a wartime captive in Babylon, was considered as a part of the savvy men for his skilled knowledge and comprehension. At the point when the lords skipper came to execute Daniel, he requested chance to petition God for God to uncover the dreamand God did! At that point Daniel, assuming no acknowledgment to himself, went before Nebuchadnezzar and told the ruler that no human man could uncover the fantasy. In any case, there is a God in paradise who uncovers privileged insights, and He has uncovered . . . what will be in the last days. Daniel 2:28. The lords dream concentrated on end-times, the end of earths history. The fantasy begins with Nebuchadnezzar and walks through history to the current day. So Daniel mentioned to the ruler what he had envisioned: You, O lord, were watching: and observe, an incredible picture. . . This pictures head was of fine gold, its chest and arms of silver, its paunch and thighs of bronze, its legs of iron, its feet halfway of iron and somewhat of earth. You viewed while a stone was removed without hands, which struck the picture on its feet of iron and dirt, and broke them in pieces. At that point the iron, the dirt, the bronze, the silver, and the gold were squashed together, and became like refuse from the late spring sifting floors; the breeze diverted them with the goal that no hint of them was found. What's more, the stone that struck the picture turned into an incredible mountain and filled the entire earth. .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347 , .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347 .postImageUrl , .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347 , .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347:hover , .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347:visited , .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347:active { border:0!important; } .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347:active , .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347:hover { darkness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: rel ative; } .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enrichment: underline; } .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enhancement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64b d9c699d98d347 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u3ac7bd6940906f2b64bd9c699d98d347:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Christian confirmations Essay Daniel 2:31-35. The King was energized! Indeed, that is it! That is it! he cried. That is actually what I saw! Be that as it may, Daniel, I'm not catching it's meaning? I'm not catching it's meaning not exclusively to Nebuchadnezzar yet to you and me? Daniel proceeded: You, O King, . . . are this head of GOLD. Daniel 2:37-38. The Babylonian Empire of Nebuchadnezzar (which utilized gold than any realm since) was secure as the prevailing force to be reckoned with from 605 B.C. .

Norwalk Agreement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Norwalk Agreement - Essay Example The FASB sets the bookkeeping measures in the US, while the IASB plays out an equal capacity on a worldwide level. Along these lines, the FASB and the IASB met on a few events to reaffirm their duty to the prior understanding. This they did as such in April and October of 2005 and on February 27, 2006 reconvened to draft a plan of combination between the FASB’s GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) and the IASB’s IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards), to be actualized somewhere in the range of 2006 and 2008 (Gibson 65). Transient points were spread out on the table subject to assessment by both or separately by both of the gatherings just as significant themes. In July 2007, execution revealing was handled where a proposition to change the design of the essence of budget reports was made. Ongoing occasions, such SEC’s declaration of acknowledgment of IFRS in lieu of GAAP and an understanding marked by Bush permitting utilization of IFRS rat her than GAAP, show a probability of appropriation of a considerably changed IFRS and the disposal of the US GAAP (Gibson 65; Fletcher 1-4). References: (2002) The Norwalk Agreement. Fletcher, Leslie. Update on the Norwalk Agreement: Progress Towards IFRS?GAAP Harmonization. 29 October 2009.

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Bookkeeping AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 3 - Essay Example Likewise, ABF Plc. being a low outfitted capital organized organization as Woolworth Plc, it would make the comparative conditions for resources misuses in the two organizations. This is so as the fundamental thought of the two organizations is to secure their value holders. The exhibition of Woolworth Ltd. is dissected on premise of gainfulness and pace of bring proportions back. With the end goal of this investigation Gross Profit proportion, Net benefit Ratio, Return on Total Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) has been chosen. Net revenue proportions show the connection among benefit and deals. Since benefit can be estimated at various stages, there are a few proportions of net revenue. The most mainstream are Gross Profit, and Net Profit proportion. The Rate of Return proportions, that are additionally execution analyzers, mirror the connection among benefit and speculation. The Return on Assets proportion and Return on Equity proportion have utilized for the reason with the goal that an ideal exhibition investigation is made fro Woolworth Ltd. These proportions are determined in joined annexure. The Gross benefit proportion for Woolworth Ltd. has been great throughout the years. It has ascended from 24.89% in 2005 to 25.03% in 2006 lastly to 25.32% in 2007. The fundamental explanation behind such consistently rise is successful utilization of operational assets by Woolworth Ltd., staying up with expanding turnover during this period. The company’s income is $ 42477.1m in 2007 when contrasted with 37734.2m and 31352.5m in 2006 and 2005 separately. Ordinarily it is seen that gross edges go down at whatever point there is a nonstop increment in income. Be that as it may, Woolworths has kept up its expense of products sold totally in charge to mirror the expanding gross edges. The achievement appeared by Woolworths in net edges has been adequately rehashed in net edges. The company’s net benefit proportion was 4.15% in 2005, and that has ascended to 4.56% in 2006, and to 4.19%. This is rise is acceptable yet the hole between net benefit and net benefit is

Do Insects Hibernate in the Winter

Do Insects Hibernate in the Winter A creepy crawly doesn’t have the advantage of muscle to fat ratio, similar to bears and groundhogs, to endure frigid temperatures and shield inside liquids from going to ice. Like all ectotherms, creepy crawlies need an approach to adapt to fluctuating temperatures in their condition. In any case, do bugs sleep? In an exceptionally broad sense, hibernation alludes to the state wherein creatures pass the winter.1 Hibernation recommends the creature is in a torpid state, with its digestion eased back and multiplication delayed. Bugs dont essentially rest the way warm-blooded creatures do. But since the accessibility of host plants and food sources are constrained throughout the winter in cool districts, creepy crawlies do suspend their standard exercises and enter a torpid state. So how do bugs endure the virus winter months? Various creepy crawlies utilize various procedures to abstain from sticking to death when the temperature falls. A few bugs utilize a mix of methodologies to endure the winter. Relocation At the point when it gets cold, leave! A few creepy crawlies head to hotter climes, or if nothing else better conditions, when winter climate draws near. The most well known moving creepy crawly is the ruler butterfly. Rulers in the eastern U.S. also, Canada fly up to 2,000 miles to spend their winter in Mexico. Numerous different butterflies and moths additionally relocate regularly, including the bay fritillary, the painted woman, the dark cutworm, and fall armyworm. Normal green darners, dragonflies that possess lakes and lakes as far north as Canada, relocate too. Common Living At the point when it gets cold, group up! There’s warmth in numbers for certain bugs. Bumble bees bunch together as the temperatures drop, and utilize their aggregate body warmth to keep themselves and the brood warm. Ants and termites head beneath the ice line, where their enormous numbers and put away food keep them agreeable until spring shows up. A few creepy crawlies are known for their cool climate totals. Concurrent woman insects, for instance, assemble altogether on rocks or branches during spells of chilly climate. Indoor Living At the point when it gets cold, move inside! A lot to the dismay of property holders, a few bugs look for cover in the glow of human abodes when winter draws near. Each fall, people groups houses are attacked by box senior bugs, Asian diverse woman scarabs, earthy colored marmorated smell bugs, and others. While these bugs seldom cause harm inside †theyre simply searching for a comfortable spot to hold up out the winter †they may discharge putrid substances when compromised by a property holder attempting to expel them. Torpor At the point when it gets cold, remain still! Certain bugs, especially ones that live in higher elevations or close to the Earth’s posts, utilize a condition of torpor to endure drops in temperature. Torpor is an impermanent condition of suspension or rest, during which the creepy crawly is totally stable. The New Zealand weta, for instance, is a flightless cricket that lives in high heights. At the point when temperatures drop at night, the cricket freezes strong. As sunshine warms the weta, it comes out of the slow state and continues movement. Diapause At the point when it gets cold, rest! In contrast to torpor, diapause is a drawn out condition of suspension. Diapause synchronizes the insect’s life cycle with regular changes in its condition, including winter conditions. Set forth plainly, if it’s too cold to even think about flying and there’s nothing to eat, you should enjoy a reprieve (or respite). Creepy crawly diapause may happen in any phase of advancement: Eggs †Praying mantids endure the winter as eggs, which rise in spring.Larvae †Wooly bear caterpillars twist up in thick layers of leaf litter for winter. In spring, they turn their cocoons.Pupa †Black swallowtails spend winter as chrysalids, developing as butterflies when warm climate returns.Adults †Mourning shroud butterflies sleep as grown-ups for the winter, tucking themselves behind free bark or in tree pits. Radiator fluid At the point when it gets cold, bring down your the point of solidification! Numerous creepy crawlies plan for the virus by making their own liquid catalyst. Throughout the fall, creepy crawlies produce glycerol, which increments in the hemolymph. Glycerol gives the creepy crawly body â€Å"supercooling† capacity, permitting body liquids to dip under freezing focuses without causing ice harm. Glycerol additionally brings down the point of solidification, making bugs progressively cool lenient, and shields tissues and cells from harm during frosty conditions in the earth. In spring, glycerol levels drop once more. References 1 Definition from Hibernation, by Richard E. Lee, Jr., Miami University of Ohio. Reference book of Insects, second release, altered by Vincent H. Resh and Ring T. Carde.

How to Use Food Desert Essay Samples

How to Use Food Desert Essay SamplesHave you ever wanted to write a food desert essay sample, but didn't have the time or resources to spend on writing? In this article I'll share with you some examples of topics you can research and learn about. After all, you don't have to be a writer in order to use resources that are available to you.Food deserts are places where a person will not find food that is readily available. This might include a small grocery store that is located in a desolate area. It could also be a food desert, which means that there are no supermarkets in a certain area. It might be that the only grocery stores you can get to in your area are farther away.In order to understand the importance of a food desert, you first need to understand what happens when you do not have access to certain types of food. When you live in a place where you have a hard time getting to certain things, your health and well-being will suffer. In fact, there is actually a connection betwe en eating healthily and healthy living. That connection is that people who live in poor areas are more likely to get heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, strokes, and obesity.Another good example is that there are people who have an addiction to drugs in these places. While a lot of these people have other problems that are tied to poverty, having access to drugs and alcohol in an environment like this will cause a lot of physical and mental stress for the person. A good way to show this is to use an essay sample that has a setting like this.Another thing that is great about using essay samples like this is that they are simple and easy to use. This is something that students usually find hard to do, because they just want to tear their hair out because they don't know how to fit in the paragraphs or even the topic. Using easy to understand format allows students to focus on the content of the essay and not the formatting.The third thing to think about is that a lot of stud ents feel like they are unable to write about certain subjects in their essays. You should realize that you can use a variety of different resources in order to learn about your topic. For example, ask your teacher or counselor for assistance. Also, find an essay topic that you are interested in learning about, but don't feel like you should write about it unless you are really comfortable with the topic.Remember that you should always go into an essay sample thinking about what you want to accomplish and how to accomplish it. If you try to force yourself to read something that you don't want to read then you are not going to get very far. There are a lot of resources that are easily accessible and you just need to find what is right for you.The next time you are in the mood to write an essay, remember that you can take advantage of the resources available to you and food desert essay samples are one of them. You just need to be willing to find a topic that you are really interested in learning about. Remember that you don't have to be a writer in order to use resource material that is available to you.

Perspectives on Learning Essay - 1100 Words

Perspectives on Learning (Essay Sample) Content: An Essay onComparing and ContrastingVarious Perspectives on Learning and Their ImplicationsFor Human Resource DevelopmentName of StudentID NumberCourse Name Course NumberInstructorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s NameDateIntroductionInterest in learning and teaching is not new. As a matter of fact, there have been various theories discussing diverse perspectives on learning. Great philosophers and thinkers have contributed much to these perspectives. Applications of these concepts and theories have brought new light to the contemporary world of learning. More significant, however, are the implications of these learning perspectives for human resource development. Human resource development functions to promote learning, enhance human potential, encourage high-quality performance in the workplace, and play a role in human development sustainability.This paper presents the three different learning perspectives of three different authors: self-efficacy (Zimmerman), communities of practice a nd social learning systems (Wenger), and expansive learning (Engestrom).Perspectives on LearningA. Self-EfficacySelf-efficacy is one factor that promotes motivation and learning. The term self-efficacy refers to "own perceptions of skills to bring together and implement significant actions to accomplish defined goals" (Zimmerman 83).Every learnerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s self-efficacy theories or one's views concerning their skill to accomplish an undertaking, impact their behavior with regard to learning tasks. These beliefs are wide-ranging in a way that they vary based upon criteria and context for mastery. For that reason, self-efficacy beliefs may vary in all tasks (Zimmerman). An individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s self-efficacy concepts may vary for each task and context. This depends on how the person perceives the difficulty level of a task. In so doing, after assessing the level of difficulty, the person becomes motivated to accomplish the task successfully. Therefore, since there is parallelism i n an individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s perception and performance, self-efficacy then is an excellent tool in predicting the outcome of performance.According to Zimmerman, learners having high self-efficacy for a task - take part more willingly, work harder, persevere longer, select more stimulating tasks, and facilitate troubles in learning with usage of metacognitive approaches. For learners to be successful, they must practice control by stimulating and regulating thoughts, behaviours, and thoughts. Furthermore, they must know how to cope with their learning environment in an effective way. Successful learners adapt to learning by means of goal-setting, focus retention, organization of workloads and workspace, and involving oneself in useful learning approaches (Zimmerman.B. Communities of Practice and Social Learning SystemsWhat a person knows is a social act. This has significant implication in the manner one thinks and tries to provide learning support. Such concepts are beneficial to in dividuals confronted with all forms of challenges.Communities are the fundamental units of a social learning environment since they are the center of social competencies that comprise this environment (Wenger 225). There are three main classifications that describe involvement and development in the context of a social learning environment and a community of practice à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ engagement, imagination, and alignment.Engagement may be defined as the manner in which members are engaging in community activities. Imagination is the interpretation of an image to enable an individual to make a thoughtful consideration on various opportunities and possibilities. This, in turn, helps members in shaping their minds to be able to come up with an excellent way to influence and contribute in a community. Alignment ensures that a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s undertakings are in line with methods given.According to Wenger, learning refers to identity transformation that involves connectedness, expansivene ss, and effectiveness. Connectedness involves shared experiences, histories, affections, reciprocity, and commitment. Expansiveness promotes multiple communities of practices and participates in boundary interactions. Effectiveness allows comprehensive social involvement.C. Expansive Learning at WorkLearning theories and concepts focus on the different methods and approaches where a person obtains some skills or knowledge through which there is change in behaviour. It is a self-manifested assumption that the skill or knowledge obtained is stable and well-defined.According to Engestrom, any learning concept must be able to answer four significant queries: Who are learning? Why are they learning the subject? What are they learning? How are they learning?In school, an individual learns simply to avoid getting low grades. In this way, learning is defensive than expansive. Students simply learn the importance of pleasing their teachers, passing examinations, and belonging to a group. Exp ansive learning is the first step to the process itself. The method of expansive learning has seven fundamental steps: Ethnographic analysis, transformation, representation, implementation, concretization, reflection, and teaching. Expansive learning finds solutions to societal problems.Comparing and ContrastingThe three perspectives on learning may be similar in their motivational agenda which acquisition of knowledge and application of this knowledge, but these perspectives on learning differ in the acquisition and application of knowledge.For Zimmerman, a person becomes motivated through self-efficacy. Thus, we can say that perception, learning, and motivation are self-driven behaviours. A person performs a task through knowledge and capabilities. Knowing that an individual will be able to perform a task with greater efficiency, that is self-efficacy. Optimism and trust in oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s skills, knowledge, and capabilities may be considered as the driving force in achieving goal s.For Wenger, a person learns through community exposures. Participation and interaction are the main ingredients in achieving learning. Without exposure to various communities, a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s learning becomes limited. Through community exposures, a person gets to learn the different practices. Wengerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s perception encourages going beyond oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s boundaries and keeping touch with people in the various aspects and sectors of society. Only then learning will take place when a person widens his or her circle of boundaries.For Engestrom, learning should not be compacted and limited on the four walls of the classroom or actual learning will not take place. External factors motivate a person to learn. An individual simply learns to get better grades, to gain more friends, or to obtain praises from teachers and parents. Engestrom postulates that real learning happens when a person finds solutions to present problems. Moreover, learning is only evident when there is real life application and outcome.To summarize, the three authors focused on certain things: Zimmerman focuses on self; Wenger focuses on community, and Engestrom focuses on society.Implications for Hu...

Different firms objectives - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3275 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? Introduction Firms may have different objectives to achieve. However in theory, a firm should set its objectives to increase its value for its owners. Shareholders are the owners of a firm. Therefore according to theory maximising shareholders wealth is the fundamental objective of a firm. (Watson Head Corporate Finance principles and practice 2007) Investors generally expect to earn satisfactory returns on their investments as they require increasing the value of their investments as much as possible. This is usually determined by dividend payout and or capital gains by increasing the market value of the share price. The managers of the company act on behalf of the investors, such as operating day to day activities and making decisions within the business. In another way they do have the control of the business entity. However, firms may have other objectives to achieve such as maximising of profits, growth and increasing its markets share. When achieving these objectives of a firm, conflicts may arise as a result of ownership and control. Managers may make their decisions on their own interests rather than achieving investors wealth. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Different firms objectives" essay for you Create order Discussing the investor related goals as described earlier, in theory behaviour of management should be consistent towards maximising shareholders wealth, enhancing the value of the business (Basely Brigham- Essentials of Managerial Finance).Value of the business is measured by valuing firms price of shares. Its essential to consider maximising of stock prices, and its impact to the investors and the economy as a whole simultaneously. Maximising profits is also an objective of a firm. It is determined by maximising the firms net profits. It is also can be described as a short term objective whilst maximising the value of the company is a long term objective for a firm (Financial Management Kaplan Publishers 2009). Therefore it is not necessary, maximising profits as maximising shareholders wealth because there are number of potential problems can be occurred adapting to an objective of profit maximisation. It will be discussed in the latter part of the report. Earnings per share (EPS) is one of the main indicators of the firms profitability and it is a broadly used method measuring firms success, as it is determined return to equity in theory(Financial Management Kaplan Publishers 2009).However, EPS doesnt expose the firms wealth since it is determined by using firms net profits. Therefore EPS is also exist the same criticism as profit maximisation above which will be discussing in the later part of the report. During the past ten years have seen a much greater emphasis on investor related goals. The conflict of ownership and control can be recognised as one of the significant causes which were affected investors and the world economy in the past ten years. The corporate scandals such as Enron, Maxwell and World com which occurred recent past had been lost investors confidence towards capital markets. Therefore its essential to consider the ethical behaviour and social responsibilities towards shareholder wealth maximisation simultaneously. It can also be said the institutional investors such as insurance companies and pension funds had also made a significant influence on investor related goals in the recent past. Review of Literature OBJECTIVE OF PROFIT MAXIMISATION According to Watson and Head 2007, whilst individuals manage their own cash flows, the financial manager involves in managing cash flows on behalf of the company, and its owners. In a firm financial management is concerned with taking decisions in three key areas which are financing, investing and dividend policy. Watson and Head also mentioned, shareholders wealth maximisation as the primary objective of the firm and at the same time the existence of other stakeholder groups such as creditors, employees, customers and community are also affected when adapting to a corporate goal. However the firm may adopt one or several objectives in short term whilst its pursued the objective of shareholders wealth maximisation in long term(Basely and Brigham; Essentials of Managerial Finance). Therefore it is essential to be considered the other possible objectives in short term as well as long term simultaneously. Reviewing one of the main objectives of profit maximisation, a classic article of Milton Friedman in the New York Times magazine 1970The social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its profits (Poitras, Geoffrey 1994). Considering classical views of Friedman (1970), Grant (1991), and Danley(1991), Geoffrey analysed the connection between shareholders wealth maximisation and profit maximisation, as an foundation for establishing an ethical analysis for shareholders wealth maximisation. However, Friedman had a moderate view later relating to the concept of profit maximisation towards social responsibilities. (Pradip N Khandwalla, Management paradigms beyond profit maximisation 2004) While there were similarities between these two objectives, Solomon; 1963, chp.2 highlighted the inconsistencies in his classic article (Poitras, Geoffrey 1994). Considering the above views from different authors, Geoffreys suggestion was Even though there are significant consistencies between these two goals, the goal of profit maximisation has designed for the traditional microeconomic environment and for the firms which do not have the conflict of ownership and control. It is also assumed that its applied for the environment where there was no uncertainty and no stock issues( Poitras, Geoffrey, 1994). According to Keown, Martin and Petty, 2008; Lasher 2008; Ross Westerfield, and Jordan; 2008, Managers are encouraged to maximise its current stock prices by the shareholder theory, therefore the criticisms are understandable. This approach determines the existence of agency problem towards incentive schemes, as incentives are rewarded with the continuous growth of share price and leads to an unethical behaviour of managers, towards manipulating the firms current stock prices (Daniel, Heck Shaffer). CONFLICT OF OWNERSHIP AND CONTROL The conflict of ownership and control was first identified by Adam Smith (RBS Review 1937) and he suggested that the Director cannot protect the other peoples money with the same way that he protects his money (Tony Howell; Shareholder ship model versus Stakeholder ship model). Its also mentioned in Tony and Howells article, that the separation of ownership and control make a significant influence for corporate behaviour and its deeply discussed by Berle and Means (1932). But La Porta et al. (1999) argued against Berle and Means, and he suggested its different from the large corporations, because the shareholders of large corporations involved in corporate governance actively where managers are unaccountable (Tony and Howell; shareholder ship model versus Stakeholder ship model). Winch (1971) suggested the goal of profit maximisation is consistent with the ethical theory of utilitarianism whilst allocating resources under different circumstances. (Poitras, Geoffrey 1994). Having considered Winchs suggestion related to the utilitarian theory and profit maximisation, Geoffreys (1994) view was that, inter temporal behaviour is important for firms and efficient investment has a significant affect towards maximising of profits as a result of uncertain future cash flows. It is also discussed the potential conflict of ownership and control. Therefore Geoffrey (1994) suggested the separation of ownership, the decision makers (managers) and owners (shareholders) are involved to the corporate structure. SHAREHOLDERS Vs STAKEHOLDERS Even though most of the economists and authors acknowledge the theory of shareholder wealth maximisation (Berle and Means, 1932; Friedman, 1962), other authors argued the criticisms of shareholder wealth maximisation. They argued that Shareholder Theory encourages the managers to make short term decisions and behave unethically as a result of the influence of the other stakeholders. According to Smith (2003) believed Shareholder theory is prepared to maximise short term objectives at the expense of long term goals (Daniel, Heck Shaffer; Journal of Applied Finance; winter 2008). However Daniel, Heck and Shaffer analysed the reasons for the criticism and the misguidance of the shareholders theory in their article about shareholder theory, How Opponents and Proponents Both Get it Wrong? The misguidance has been occurred as a result of pursuing a long term objective in shareholder theory. Managers should maximise the future cash flows and its important to consider the stakeholders accor dingly (Jensen, 2002; Sundaram and Inkpen, 2004a). According to Freeman (1984) a firm should consider both shareholders and stakeholders when making their business decisions. However Daniel, Heck and Shaffer describes that the stakeholder theory determines the same criticism as short term behaviour but the shareholder theory has got the protection for both shareholders and stakeholders in the long run. Therefore stakeholder theory is not predominant to shareholder theory. Daniel, Heck and Shaffer suggested the expected future cash flows to analyse the above scenario and they argued that its essential to undertake all the positive NPV projects to maximise shareholders wealth analysing towards maximising current stock price. If there was a goal of increasing of current share price, managers who are rewarded by incentives may attempt to boost the stock price of the firm. However Jenson (2005) and Danielson and press (2006) argued the effort to increase or maintain the stock prices by m anagement could be destroyed the long term values of the firm by manipulation, unethical behaviour, delaying NPV positive projects, reducing or not spending on research and development. Jenson has taken Enron as an example for explaining the above scenario. The management of Enron had hidden their debts through off balance sheet activities and by manipulating the company accounts (Daniel, Heck and Shaffer). Therefore Daniel, Heck and Shaffer suggested that its essential to design strategies which are consistent with the objective of increasing future cash flows rather than adopting an objective of increasing of current stock price to maximise the wealth of shareholders. Freeman, Wicks and Parmar (2004) argued that all the recent business scandals are oriented toward ever increasing shareholder value at the expense of other stakeholders (Poitras, Jefforey; 1994) After a number of high profile firms collapsed i:e: Enron, WorldCom and Arthur Anderson in US and Maxwell, Polly Peck, BCCI, Barings bank in UK, its been determined the requirement of a good Corporate Governance (Tony Howell; the shareholder ship model versus stakeholder ship model). According to Tony Howell, Corporate Governance has been growing for the past 25 years and the foundation for Corporate Governance was placed, after the introduction of Cadbury report in 1992 (UK). Omran et. al.2002; Mills, 1998; Fera, 1997 suggested the importance of Corporate Governance as a result of the new entrance of Institutional Investors to Capital markets, Globalisation of Capital markets, increase of Stakeholder and Shareholder expectations(Tony and Howell). Analysis According to financial management theory, its assumed that the fundamental objective for a firm is to maximise shareholders wealth (Watson Head 2007). Analysing the suggestions and arguments towards fundamental objective, it can be seen that not only in theory but also in the real world it is essential to maximise the wealth of shareholder. Analysing the objective of profit maximisation, overriding the classical economics views by Hayek (1960) and Friedman (1970), other authors, Solomon (1963) and Geoffrey (1970) argued about the criticisms associated with the objective of maximisation of profits. The conflict of short term goal of profit maximisation and long term objective of shareholder wealth maximisation can be identified as the main conflict. If a firm adapts to an objective of profit maximisation and the managers are rewarded incentives for achieving it, the agency problem could be arise. Therefore in such a situation managers may take decisions towards their own selfish interests, rather than on shareholders. Achieving their self interest managers may reduce costs by cutting research and development costs, reducing quality control measurements, reduce advertising, using lower quality materials. At the same time the NPV positive projects could also be postponed to reduce their costs to determine more profits in short term. Producing low quality products, losing market share, losing customer trust on their products and finally reducing financial performance could be resulted as a result of using low cost strategies. It may lead the business towards insecure stock prices in long run. The other criticism is profit maximisation does not appraise the associated risks. Therefore managers may undertake higher NPV projects to determine higher returns. However higher the required returns, higher the risk (Peter Atrill; Financial Management for Decision Makers, 2008). Investing on risky projects will result future cash flow problems. However, shareholders are assumed as rational investors who provide finance for firms to invest in future projects. As rational investors they require a reasonable return for their investments. Therefore it can be suggested that objective of profit maximising is different from the wealth maximising. Even though shareholder wealth maximisation is the fundamental, firms are not being able to reject the profit perspective goals, because there are stakeholder groups who is interesting about financial activities in a firm. In addition to shareholders, Managers, Employees, Customers, Suppliers, finance providers and the community at large are included in the typical stakeholder group. Therefore its essential to take account of profit maximisation within the firm. As a result of these multiple objectives managers can easily pursue their own interest. In real world, financial statements are used to assess firms performance. However, profits are defined as profit before interest and tax, profit after interest and so on. Therefore the ratio of Earnings per Share is often used instead of profit which is calculated using the net profits and the number of shares issued. Investors usually use EPS as a measurement of valuing stock. EPS is mostly used as it contains of net income of the firm, and it is also used as an indicator measuring firms future cash flows. Although the disadvantage is EPS does not determine shareholders wealth. However, firms value should be determined by the future cash flows and the risk also need to be considered which is associated to the cash flow. However as mentioned earlier, profits does not take account of risks. I:e:Reported profit figures such as Biotechnological companies and other new economy ventures have insignificant relationship on its stock prices (Financial Management Kaplan Publishers, 2009). Th erefore, in the short term theres an inconsistence between profit maximisation and increase in stock prices in a firm. According to Smith (1937), Berle and Means (1932) and Geoffrey (1994) the separation of ownership is involved the corporate structure. The conflict was mostly seen during the recent past, following the corporate scandals. According to Maria and William in the article of Privatisation and the Rise of Global Capital Markets (Financial Management; winter, 2000) The past years there was significant growth in capital markets valuation, growth in security issuance as a result of the privatisation programmes. The impacts of share issue privatisation are increasing market liquidity, pattern of share ownership (i:e: Individual and institutional investors such as Pension funds and Insurance Companies), and increasing of number of shareholders in many countries. However, globalisation was also affected on firms activities simultaneously. Therefore the firms (i:e: Enron Maxwell), which had poor Corporate Governance had the possibility to involving in unethical activities such as creative accounting and off balance sheet finance(Financial Management, Kaplan Publishers; 2009). At the same time Directors involved in high level of corporate takeover activities, achieving their personal interest such as empire build ing, large remuneration packages (Financial Management, Kaplan publishers; 2009). Further analysis of Stakeholder theory and Shareholder theory by different authors, Jenson 2005) and Daniel and Press (2006) argued the criticism of stakeholder theory, whilst Daniel, Heck and Shaffer (2008) and Freeman (1984) argued the importance of both shareholder and stakeholder theory. However, it can be suggested that the stakeholders play a significant role towards increasing shareholders value. As an example to motivate employees of the firm, they should be treated in a good manner by rewarding increments, bonuses and so on. Long term employee satisfaction could drive the firm towards higher performance and the development of the business by increasing higher productivity and better quality of products. Simultaneously, building up a trust among customers and acquire and maintain the industry leadership. At the same time shareholders provide finance for firms for its working capital management and noncurrent assets for its future projects. Therefore it can be seen an inter relationship and importance of shareholders and the other stakeholders. According to Peter Atrill, (Financial Management for Decision makers , 2008)In the early years financial management theory was mainly developed as part of accounting and the suggestions and arguments were based on casual observations rather than theoretical frame work. But after the number of high profile firms collapsed, the requirement of corporate governance occurred. Number of committees met and discussed to improve the Corporate Governance and the main concern was the conflict between shareholders interest and managers. Enron was the seventh largest listed company in US when its collapsed in 2001 as a result of manipulation of financial statements. Its affected to shareholders, more than 20000 employees worldwide, creditors and customers (Janis Sarra; St Johns Law Review ; Enrons Repercussion in Canada). The 11 titled Sarbanes Oxley Act 2002 CONLUSION By analysing the review of literature, it can be suggested that its essential to maximise shareholder value rather than maximising profits alone. However maximising profit is also can be defined as a performance measurement of a healthy business. Extremes of profit maximisation can also be caused unethical behaviour of management towards its shareholders and stakeholders. Although, Earnings per Share inconsistent with the long term value of shareholder, its still can be used as a performance measurement, since its got firms net profit. As a result of recent corporate scandals such as Enron, WorldCom and Arthur Anderson, shareholders and other stakeholder groups had given much emphasis on corporate behaviour. The unethical and illegal behaviour of those high profiled firms were lost investor confidence of capital markets. They identified the importance of Corporate Governance which provides the road map for managers to follow, pursuing different objectives towards the firm (Basley Brigham). At the same time the arrival of Sarbanes Oxley Act 2002 provided investors a much more confidence and strength towards capital markets. However, stakeholders are also important for firms. They are also treated well for the to maintain a Even there are conflicts between stakeholder theory and Shareholder theory, its necessary to balance these two theories. According to Cathy Haywards article (Black hole sums; Financial Management May 2003), during the period of May 2003 the pension funds in US and UK were in a bad condition. According to the assessment of National Association of Pension Funds, there was a drop in UK pension funds by more than 250 million in 2002. Its being told that there were many reasons for the crisis but, the huge drop in stock market during the economic down turn 2000-2003 has mainly been affected. The pensions funds are heavily depend on the dividend payments and the stability of the equity markets, as a result of the drop in share prices the pensions funds struggled to meet their obligations. References Besley Brigham Essentials of Managerial Finance Daniel, Heck Shaffer Journal of Applied Finance; Fall Winter 2008 Shareholder theory, How Opponents and Proponents Both Get it Wrong? Denzil Watson Antony Head Corporate Finance (electronic resource): principles and practice 2007 Management paradigms beyond profit maximisation Colloquium a debate by S K Chakraboty, Verghese Kurien, Jittu Singh, Mrityunjay Athreya, Arun Maira, Anu Aga, and Anil K Gupta. Maria K. Boutchkova William L. Megginson Privatisation and Rise of Global Capital Markets , Financial Management; Winter, 2000, p31-76 Peter Atrill Financial Management for Decision Makers 5th Edition 2008 (electronic resource) Poitras, Geoffrey Share Holder wealth Maximisation, Business ethics and social responsibility, Journal of Business Ethics; feb 1994;13,2;ABI/INFORM Global pg125 Rebecca Stratling The Legitamacy of Corporate Social Responsibility ; Corporate Ownership and Control; Volume 4; Issue 4, Summer 2007 Tony Ike Nwanji, Kerry E. Howell; A review of the two main competing models of Corporate Governance: The Shareholder ship model versus the Stakeholder ship model; Corporate Ownership and Control, Volume 5, Issue 1, Fall 2007